- Under Carriage of Coach
- Watching for mother
Two children watching for mother - The Plague in London
Cart collecting dead bodies during the plague - Egyptian Drums
Egyptian Drums - Assyrian Harpist , beating time with his foot
Assyrian Harpist , beating time with his foot - Flagship of Columbus
With the explorations of Columbus on his first and his three later voyages (in 1496, 1498, and 1502) we are less concerned than with the first voyage itself as an illustration of the problems and dangers faced by the navigator of the time, and with the effect of the discovery of the new world upon Spain's rise as a sea power. The three caravels in which he sailed were typical craft of the period. The Santa Maria, the largest, was like the other two, a single-decked, lateen-rigged, three-masted vessel, with a length of about 90 feet, beam of about 20 feet, and a maximum speed of perhaps 6-1/2 knots. She was of 100 tons burden and carried 52 men. The Pinta was somewhat smaller. The Niña (Baby) was a tiny, half-decked vessel of 40 tons. Heavily timbered and seaworthy enough, the three caravels were short provisioned and manned in part from the rakings of the Palos jail. - Flower Child
Flower Child - Clay Pipe from Babylon
“Clay pipe from Babylon, the most ancient yet found, apparently modelled to imitate the skull of some animal. It still sounds clearly the intervals of the common chord.” - Two girls walking in the country
Two girls walking in the country - Going to Church
A young man and his mother walking to church - Double Pipes
- Young lady looking in mirror
Young lady looking in mirror - Lady with flowers
Lady with flowers - Young lady seated
Young lady seated - Group of Harps and other musical instruments
Group of Harps and other musical instruments - Lady and boy
Lady and boy - Young Lady
Young lady - Lady with scarf
Lady with scarf - Group of Western Lyres
Group of Western Lyres - Single perforated pipe
The first and primaeval musical instruments must have been of the simplest kind. A hollow reed, uttering, when blown with the mouth, one monotonous sound would be the first successful attempt at such an invention. The next step was to vary the sound by perforating it with holes, like to our " Penny Whistle." - Sideways glance
Sideways glance - Modern Jewish Rams Horn
Jewish Rabbis refer their use to Genesis. xxii. 13 - Our Social Club
Bunch of men all reading newspapers - Young lady
Young lady - The Cat and the Pigeon
Affection for one of the feathered race was shown by a cat which was rearing several kittens. In another part of the loft a pigeon had built her nest; but her eggs and young having been frequently destroyed by rats, it seemed to occur to her that she should be in safer quarters near the cat. Puss, pleased with the confidence placed in her, invited the pigeon to remain near her, and a strong friendship was established between the two. They fed out of the same dish; and when Puss was absent, the pigeon, in return for the protection afforded her against the rats, constituted herself the defender of the kittens—and on any person approaching nearer than she liked, she would fly out and attack them with beak and wings, in the hope of driving them away from her young charges. Frequently, too, after this, when neither the kittens nor her own brood required her care, and the cat went out about the garden or fields, the pigeon might be seen fluttering close by her, for the sake of her society. - Two girls
Two girls knitting and reading - Lady kneeling beside bed with a man in it
Lady praying beside a bed with a man in it - Young boy standing on the street corner
Young boy standing on the street corner - Young Lady in the storm
Young Lady in the storm - Boy walking in the countryside
Boy walking in the countryside - Double Pipes
".. put two such pipes into the mouth, and you get the double Egyptian and Assyrian pipe, such as may be still seen sculptured on their monuments. In the holes or apertures of some of these pipes, which have been discovered in the tombs and other places, small straws have been found, plainly intended to act the part of reeds in our modern oboes and clarionets. " - Young lady with wide-open eyes
Young lady with wide-open eyes - Lady sitting by the side of a man in bed
Lady sitting by the side of a man in bed - Egyptian Harp, showing its original bow-like shape
The history of the Harp may be traced with much the same clearness. The twanging of the bow probably suggested the original idea; and the variation of sound was obtained by lengthening and shortening a multiplicity of strings. These were made, at first, of some fibrous material, or the long hair of animals. Perhaps even the tresses of wives and daughters were turned to such musical use, as we read in the Greek and Roman historians that the bows of the Carthaginians were thus supplied with strings in their last war with the Romans. Harps, too, like the bow, were portable, about four feet long; and all Oriental harps, so far as we can judge from surviving sculptures, unlike ours, had no front pillar. Their bow-like shape and characteristics long remained. Without entering at greater length on their further and later development, we can easily imagine how soon the need of pegs for tightening and loosening the strings was felt; how a sounding-board was found to add to the body of sound; how Strings of fibre or hair were supplanted by those of catgut, of steel, and even of silver. Whether the fingers or whether the quill and plectrum were the first manipulators of the strings, is a matter of debate. Certainly fingers were made long before either quills or plectra! Be it as it may, after these latter had been introduced, hammers wielded by the hand in due time followed. And thus we see how the "stringed instruments" of primaeval and ancient days became the parent of the dulcimer, the spinet, the harpsichord, and the piano. - Harry tending his mother
Young boy looking after his sick mother - Lady and girl
- First fight over a girl
Boy punching another boy as a girl looks on - Three Girls
Three Girls - Triangular Musical instrument from Herculaneum
A Sambuca or triangular harp - Girl carrying a book
Girl carrying a book - Damsels singing to the Sound of Timbrels
The next natural step for the use of music would be that of victory and triumph. The first notice of this kind is the song of Miriam. And here we may rightly conjecture the introduction of an Egyptian, and therefore cultured element. " Miriam took a timbrel in her hand, and all the women went out after her with timbrels and with dances " (Exod. xv. 2o). - Boy and girl in affectionate hug
Boy and girl in affectionate hug - Rector and Doctor of the University of Paris
The Faculty of Theology, besides its dean, who was the senior doctor, chose every other year a syndic, whose business it was to administer the private business of the company. The Decree Faculty had only a dean selected by seniority in the grade of doctor, and the Faculty of Medicine had a dean elected every year from amongst the doctors in practice. Deans and proctors, to the number of seven, formed the higher tribunal of the University. The Faculty of Arts had, therefore, a clear majority of its own upon this tribunal ; it had, moreover, assumed for itself the exclusive right of nominating the rector or supreme head of the University, and he was bound to be a member of the faculty. - Egyptian Crotola or Castanets
Egyptian Crotola or Castanets - Boy and girl feeding a pony an apple
Boy and girl feeding a pony an apple