The Anterior Half of the Larynx seen from Behind
The drawing shows the folds of mucous membrane, the vocal cords, which stretch from the tips of the arytenoid cartilages to the recess behind the median portion of the thyroid cartilage. To the outer side of each vocal cord is seen the thyro-arytenoid muscle (cut across), consisting of a broad outer portion, chiefly concerned in closing the glottis during the act of swallowing, and a smaller internal portion, which regulates the length and the thickness of the segment of the cord allowed to vibrate.
Diagram showing the Relative Positions of the Organs of the Chest and Abdomen.
The ribs from the first to the tenth have been cut across in the lateral line. The eleventh and twelfth ribs do not reach sufficiently far forwards to be cut. With the exception of a short segment near its junction with the ascending colon, the small intestine has been removed. The trachea is seen to divide into bronchi beneath the arch of the aorta. The right lung has three, the left two lobes. The kidneys are situated behind all the other viscera. On their upper ends rest the two suprarenal capsules. The lower edge of the right lobe of the liver follows closely the line of the ribs and costal cartilages. Below the left lobe of the liver the stomach comes to the anterior abdominal wall. The transverse colon (large intestine) comes to the anterior wall below the stomach. Below the latter the wall is in contact chiefly with coils of small intestine. The vermiform appendix rests on the posterior wall. Spleen and pancreas are not shown in the diagram.
Diagram of a Lobule of the Liver
Diagram of a Lobule of the Liver divided vertically through its Axis. In its centre is a space, the intralobular vein, through which the blood falls into a branch of the hepatic vein, on its way to the heart. An interlobular branch of the portal vein, which brings the blood from the digestive organs, pours it by many smaller vessels over the surface of the lobule. It filters into the lobule through innumerable pseudo-capillary vessels, or spaces, between the radiating columns of liver-cells. Arterial blood is brought to the lobule by a twig of the hepatic artery. Bile is drained away from it by an affluent of the hepatic duct. In the lower part of the diagram seven liver-cells are shown, forming a divided column, magnified about 300 diameters. The cells are loaded with glycogen, and contain minute globules of fat. Red blood-corpuscles and two leucocytes are seen between the columns of liver-cells. One of the leucocytes has ingested two blood-corpuscles.
The Heart cut in the Plane of its Long Axis, and the Vessels which open into and out of it
Chordæ tendineæ attach the margins of the auriculo-ventricular valves to musculi papillares which project from the inner aspect of each ventricle.
Hipparchus
Statue of Newton, Trinity College, Cambridge
Statue of Francis Bacon in Westminster Abbey
Descartes
Copernicus
Blaise Pascal
Bernard Palissy
Agricola
Von Guericke
Tycho Brahe
Torricelli
Sir Isaac Newton
Roger Bacon
Paraclesus
Laplace
Kepler
Huyghens
Galileo
Francis Bacon
Hippocrates of Cos
Hippocrates
Hippocrates of Cos
Two other men with names greatly celebrated among the ancients may be referred to here, as representatives of what may be termed the Natural History group of sciences. One of them was a contemporary of Plato, the other was a pupil of Aristotle. The first is the famous physician HIPPOCRATES B.C. 470-375), to whom is attributed the foundation of medicine as a science. The healing of wounds and the cure of diseases is an art, and as such must have been practised in some form at a period coeval with the existence of mankind. The successful practice of this art depends largely upon knowledge of the causes, symptoms, and course of diseases, and upon a knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the human body.
Plato (from an ancient gem)
PLATO (B.C. 427 -374), whose name is so illustrious in philosophy has directly and indirectly largely influenced the course of intellectual development and scientific thought. Before Plato had become the disciple of Socrates, he had been a student of the philosophY of Heraclitus, one of whose prominent doctrines was that all things are in a state of ceaseless change, so that, for example, no one could ever be twice on the same river, inasmuch as the water is ever changing. About the age of twenty Plato became a disciple of Socrates, and continued so until the death of the latter, nine years afterwards. Plato then visited various countries, as Egypt, Persia, Sicily, and Italy. On returning to Athens he established his renowned school of philosophy amid the groves of Academus, near Athens; and this place has given a common title to schools of art, learning, and science throughout the world. Plato lived to an advanced age and left behind him many writings, now esteemed amongst the most precious legacies that antiquity has bequeathed to us. It was the practice of Socrates to constantly seek for definitions of justice, beauty, and so on, and this of course implied that he thought that in some things at least there was something permanent. Plato managed in his famous doctrine of Ideas to reconcile and combine the conflicting views of Heraclitus and of Socrates. This doctrine gave rise aftenvards to endless disputations, which for the most part diverted men's minds from the observation- of nature.
Man in London
Man in London
Young lady
Young lady
Winsome look on a young lady
Winsome look on a young lady
Thoughtful look on a young lady
Thoughtful look on a young lady
Cheeky little smile on a young lady
Cheeky little smile on a young lady
Lady in scarf and hat
Lady in scarf and hat
Young woman
Young woman
Haughty look from a young woman
Haughty look from a young woman
Lady
Lady
Ladies' Cheeky look while reading the newspaper
Ladies' Cheeky look while reading the newspaper
Man sneaking into the bedroom
Man sneaking into the bedroom so he doesn't waken his wife
Two men in Top hats
Two men in Top hats
Boy and girl in affectionate hug
Boy and girl in affectionate hug
First fight over a girl
Boy punching another boy as a girl looks on
Boy and girl feeding a pony an apple
Boy and girl feeding a pony an apple
Girl carrying a book
Girl carrying a book
Three Girls
Three Girls
Our Social Club
Bunch of men all reading newspapers
Lady with scarf
Lady with scarf
Young lady seated
Young lady seated
Young lady with wide-open eyes
Young lady with wide-open eyes
Young Lady
Young lady
Sideways glance
Sideways glance
Young lady
Young lady
Lady with flowers
Lady with flowers
Flower Child
Flower Child
Young lady looking in mirror
Young lady looking in mirror
Going to Church
A young man and his mother walking to church
Boy walking in the countryside
Boy walking in the countryside
Harry tending his mother
Young boy looking after his sick mother
Lady sitting by the side of a man in bed
Lady sitting by the side of a man in bed
Lady kneeling beside bed with a man in it
Lady praying beside a bed with a man in it
Lady and girl
Lady and boy
Lady and boy